EyeSpyOphthalmic Education

Clinical case studies

Practice seeing the diagnosis before reading the answer.

EyeSpy cases are built to help learners connect ophthalmic images, exam findings, and management decisions.

Illustrated eye for visual diagnosis learning

Case library

Starter case set

These sample topics give the library a clean structure while new full cases are added.

Anterior segment

Painful Red Eye

Differentiate conjunctivitis, keratitis, acute angle closure, scleritis, and uveitis using focused history and exam clues.

Key skill
Recognize red flags.
Best for
Medical students and junior residents.
Neuro-ophthalmology

Sudden Vision Loss

Organize the differential by painful versus painless loss, monocular versus binocular symptoms, and exam findings.

Key skill
Localize before treating.
Best for
Clinic and emergency review.
Retina

Flashes, Floaters, and Field Loss

Review posterior vitreous detachment, retinal tear, detachment, and urgent referral patterns.

Key skill
Identify urgent symptoms.
Best for
Primary care and ophthalmology learners.
Pediatrics

Leukocoria Workup

Build a safe differential for a white pupillary reflex and understand which findings require immediate escalation.

Key skill
Prioritize dangerous diagnoses.
Best for
Boards and pediatric eye review.

Basic ophthalmic pathology

A 26-case tree for recognizing tissue patterns and clinical behavior.

Built from the resident case-study packet: each topic opens into a focused page with the clinical stem, learner questions, answer framework, and teaching pearl.

Retina and vascular pathology Hemorrhages, ischemia, exudation, emboli, and infectious retinitis
01Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Microaneurysms, dot-blot hemorrhages, hard exudates, and ETDRS severity logic. 05Hypertensive Retinopathy Flame hemorrhages, cotton-wool spots, macular star, disc edema, and emergency triage. 09Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy NVD, vitreous hemorrhage, tractional detachment, PRP, and anti-VEGF decision points. 15Roth Spots / Bacterial Endocarditis White-centered hemorrhages, septic emboli, review of systems, and Duke criteria clues. 17Age-Related Macular Degeneration Drusen, RPE change, dry versus wet AMD, AREDS2, and anti-VEGF treatment logic. 19Central Retinal Artery Occlusion Cherry-red spot, inner retinal ischemia, embolic workup, and stroke-level urgency. 21Central Retinal Vein Occlusion Blood-and-thunder fundus, ischemic risk, macular edema, and 90-day glaucoma surveillance. 23Amaurosis Fugax / Carotid Emboli Hollenhorst plaque, transient monocular blindness, and vascular confirmation. 25CMV Retinitis / HIV-AIDS Pizza-pie retinitis, brushfire progression, CD4 risk, valganciclovir, and ART.
Cornea, external disease, and anterior segment Surface infection, lens opacity, trauma, eyelid disease, and burns
02Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis Sequential red eyes, pseudomembranes, SEIs, hygiene, and steroid pitfalls. 06Bilateral Cataracts Nuclear sclerosis, second sight, surgical indications, IOL planning, and PCO. 13HSV Dendritic Keratitis Terminal bulbs, fluorescein staining, antivirals, and steroid avoidance. 16Traumatic Hyphema Layered blood, rebleed timing, IOP control, sickle-cell precautions, and angle recession. 18Blepharitis Collarettes, staphylococcal disease, rosacea/MGD, Demodex, and lid hygiene. 20Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Eyelid Pearly rolled border, ulceration, periocular Mohs, reconstruction, and masqueraders. 24Alkali Chemical Burn Irrigate first, limbal ischemia, Roper-Hall severity, and long-term surface rescue. 26Hordeolum / Chalazion Hot painful infection versus cool sterile granuloma, treatment, and biopsy warning.
Neuro-ophthalmology, orbit, and inflammation Afferent defects, motility emergencies, systemic inflammation, and papilledema
03Optic Neuropathy / Sarcoidosis RAPD, pale swollen disc, infiltrative differential, and sarcoidosis workup. 04Thyroid Eye Disease Proptosis, tendon-sparing EOM enlargement, optic neuropathy screening, and teprotumumab. 08CN III Palsy Pupil-involved compressive emergency, reflex logic, and CTA-level escalation. 10Ocular Sarcoidosis / Uveitis Granulomatous uveitis, syphilis/TB exclusion, systemic workup, and steroid treatment. 11Giant Cell Arteritis / AION Chalky disc edema, jaw claudication, steroids before biopsy, and fellow-eye risk. 14Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Papilledema, MRI/MRV then LP, medication risks, acetazolamide, and vision protection.
Oncology, glaucoma, and pediatric alignment Mass evaluation, optic disc cupping, and amblyopia prevention
07Choroidal Melanoma Acoustic hollowness, liver tropism, cytogenetics, plaque brachytherapy, and surveillance. 12Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Cupping, rim loss, RNFL/OCT, field defects, target IOP, and first-line drops. 22Esotropia / Strabismus Hirschberg testing, cycloplegic refraction, sensory causes, glasses, patching, and surgery.

Protected pathology qbank

Ophthalmic pathology questions behind a password shield.

Use the protected section for searchable question-answer review from the scanned pathology question banks.

  1. UnlockEnter the shared password to decrypt the static question bank in your browser.
  2. SearchFilter by source, diagnosis, stain, tumor, corneal dystrophy, or syndrome.
  3. ReviewOpen each card for choices, answer key, and explanation.
  4. Open protected qbankEducational use only.

Case template

Every case follows a clear teaching rhythm.

Consistent formatting makes it easier to use EyeSpy for independent study, resident conference, or quick pre-clinic review.

  1. PresentationOne-paragraph setup with the clinical question.
  2. Exam and imageHigh-yield findings without unnecessary clutter.
  3. Your differentialA deliberate pause before the explanation.
  4. Teaching pointsDiagnosis, management, and common pitfalls.